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Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy
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2/2024
vol. 56
 
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abstract:
Original article

Assessment of feasibility of opioid-free anesthesia combined with preoperative thoracic paravertebral block and postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia oxycodone with non-opioid analgesics in the perioperative anesthetic management for video-assisted thoracic surgery

Maja Magdalena Copik
1
,
Dominika Sadowska
2
,
Jacek Smereka
3
,
Damian Czyzewski
4
,
Hanna Dorota Misiołek
1
,
Szymon Białka
1

  1. Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  2. Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  3. Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
  4. Chair and Department of Chest Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 2024; 56, 2: 98–107
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ait.2024.141279
Online publish date: 2024/07/23
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Introduction:
This study, conducted between December 2015 and March 2018 at a single university hospital, explored the feasibility and safety of opioid-free anesthesia combined with preoperative thoracic paravertebral block (ThPVB) for patients undergoing elective video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). The aim was to assess the impact of this approach on postoperative pain levels and opioid consumption.

Material and methods:
Sixty-four patients scheduled for elective VATS were randomly assigned to either the intervention group, receiving opioid-free anesthesia with ThPVB, or the control group, managed with standard general anesthesia. Postoperatively, both groups received oxycodone patient-controlled analgesia along with non-opioid analgesics. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS) and Prince Henry Hospital Pain Score (PHHPS). The total dose of postoperative oxycodone and the occurrence of opioid-related adverse events were recorded during the 24-hour follow-up period.

Results:
Patients in the intervention group showed significantly lower pain levels at 20 and 24 hours post-procedure (P = 0.015, P = 0.021, respectively) compared to the control group. Notably, oxycodone consumption at 24 hours was significantly higher in the control group (p < 0.0001). No serious adverse events were observed during the study period.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of opioid-free anesthesia combined with ThPVB for elective VATS. The approach significantly reduces postoperative pain and the need for opioids, supporting its potential as an effective and balanced perioperative anesthetic strategy.

keywords:

VATS, perioperative management, opioid sparing anesthesia, low opioid anesthesia, anesthesia techniques, anesthesia for VATS, acute pain management
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