Assessment of the anxiety and depression among patients with idiopathic pruritus ani

Introduction
Pruritus ani is an unpleasant sensation that leads to scratching of the skin around the anus. It is a common symptom due to many systemic, dermatological, and proctological conditions. In the absence of evident organic origin of a disease, pruritus may be related to mental disorders as well as personality disorders. Aim: To assess the influence of pruritus on anxiety and depression in these patients.

Material and methods
The study involved 60 patients complaining of persistent pruritus ani. The study included people in which pruritus for organic reasons was ruled out. Tests were carried out to assess the level of depression and anxiety disorders. In addition, patients were asked to fill in the Questionnaire for the Descriptive Assessment of Pruritus and the 4-Item Itch Questionnaire by prof. Jacek Szepietowski.

Results
The cause of pruritus ani in the study groups has been shown to have a significant influence on the level of depressive symptoms. There was no such relationship for anxiety disorders. In the study group, there was no correlation of depressive-anxiety symptoms with the level of pruritus intensity and the frequency of pruritus.

Conclusions
The presented data reveal the negative effect of pruritus ani on the psychological functioning of patients. Pruritus ani is characterized by moderate intensity of pruritus, but has a significant influence on the aggravation of depressive symptoms. It is important to look for the causes of this symptom, which can help to eliminate its intensity, improve the patients’ mood, and thus improve their quality of life.