Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study

Domingo Ramos-Campo; Nuno Batalha; Guillermo Olcina; Jose Parraca; João Sousa; Pablo Tomas-Carus

doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035

eISSN: 2083-1862
ISSN: 0860-021X

Biology of Sport

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abstract:

Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study

Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo

¹

,

Nuno Batalha

^{2, 3}

,

Guillermo Olcina

⁴

,

Jose Parraca

^{2, 3}

,

João Paulo Sousa

^{2, 3}

,

Pablo Tomas-Carus

^{2, 3}

Faculty of Sports, UCAM, Catholic University San Antonio, Murcia, Spain
Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain

Biol Sport. 2020;37(2):113-119

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035

Online publish date: 2020/02/11

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AMA

Ramos-Campo DJ, Batalha N, Olcina G, Parraca J, Sousa JP, Tomas-Carus P. Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study. Biology of Sport. 2020;37(2):113-119. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035.

APA

Ramos-Campo, D. J., Batalha, N., Olcina, G., Parraca, J., Sousa, J. P.,  & Tomas-Carus, P. (2020). Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study. Biology of Sport, 37(2), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035

Chicago

Ramos-Campo, Domingo J, Nuno Batalha, Guillermo Olcina, Jose Parraca, João P Sousa,  and Pablo Tomas-Carus. 2020. "Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study". Biology of Sport 37 (2): 113-119. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035.

Harvard

Ramos-Campo, D., Batalha, N., Olcina, G., Parraca, J., Sousa, J.,  and Tomas-Carus, P. (2020). Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study. Biology of Sport, 37(2), pp.113-119. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035

MLA

Ramos-Campo, Domingo et al. "Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study." Biology of Sport, vol. 37, no. 2, 2020, pp. 113-119. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035.

Vancouver

Ramos-Campo D, Batalha N, Olcina G, Parraca J, Sousa J, Tomas-Carus P. Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study. Biology of Sport. 2020;37(2):113-119. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.93035.

PlumX metrics:

Passive and active hypoxia could be used as a tool during a transitional phase to maintain the effects of warm-up and optimize athletic performance. Our purpose was to evaluate and compare the effects of four different re-warm-up strategies, i.e. rest in normoxia (RN) at FiO2 = 20.9%, rest in hypoxia (RH) at FiO2 = 15%, active (5 minutes dryland-based exercise circuit) in normoxia (AN) and active in hypoxia (AH), during the transitional phase, on subsequent 100 m maximal swimming performance. Thirteen competitive swimmers (n = 7 males; n = 6 females; age: 15.1±2.1 years; height: 164.7±8.8 cm; weight: 58.1±9.7 kg; 100 m season’s best time 72.0±11.8 s) completed a 20-minute standardized in-water warm-up followed by a 30‑minute randomized transitional phase and 100 m freestyle time trial. Compared to AH (73.4±6.2 s), 100 m swim time trials were significantly (p = 0.002; η2 = 0.766) slower in RN (75.7±6.7 s; p = 0.01), AN (75.2±6.7 s; p = 0.038) and RH (75.0±6.4 s; p = 0.009). Moreover, compared to AH (36.3±0.4ºC), tympanic temperature was significantly lower (p<0.001; η2 = 0.828) at the end of the transitional phase in passive conditions (RN: 35.9±0.6; p = 0.032; RH: 36.0±0.4; p = 0.05). In addition, countermovement jump height at the end of the transitional phase was significantly higher in active than in passive conditions (p = 0.001; η2 = 0.728). A dryland-based circuit under hypoxia could be useful to swimmers, once it has attenuated the decline in tympanic temperature during a 30-minute transitional phase after warm-up, improving 100 m swimming performance in young amateur swimmers

keywords:

Effects on performance of active and passive hypoxia as a re-warm-up routine before a 100-metre swimming time trial: a randomized crossover study

Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo 1 , Nuno Batalha 2, 3 , Guillermo Olcina 4 , Jose Parraca 2, 3 , João Paulo Sousa 2, 3 , Pablo Tomas-Carus 2, 3

Altitude, Circuit, Hypoxic training, Jump, Performance, Swim

Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo

¹

,

Nuno Batalha

^{2, 3}

,

Guillermo Olcina

⁴

,

Jose Parraca

^{2, 3}

,

João Paulo Sousa

^{2, 3}

,

Pablo Tomas-Carus

^{2, 3}