Gut microbiota in alopecia areata

Karolina Brzychcy; Izabela Dróżdż; Sebastian Skoczylas; Tomasz Płoszaj; Dorota Sobolewska-Sztychny; Małgorzata Skibińska; Joanna Narbutt; Aleksandra Lesiak

doi:10.5114/ada.2022.120453

eISSN: 2299-0046
ISSN: 1642-395X

Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii

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6/2022
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abstract:

Original paper

Gut microbiota in alopecia areata

Karolina Brzychcy

¹

,

Izabela Dróżdż

²

,

Sebastian Skoczylas

²

,

Tomasz Płoszaj

²

,

Dorota Sobolewska-Sztychny

³

,

Małgorzata Skibińska

³

,

Joanna Narbutt

³

,

Aleksandra Lesiak

³

Students Scientific Group at the Department of Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology and Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Department of Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology and Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Adv Dermatol Allergol 2022; XXXIX (6): 1162-1170

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2022.120453

Online publish date: 2022/12/22

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Introduction
In the past few years, the advancement of 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis sequencing has enabled assessing the impact of gut microbiota on the development of skin disease. Alopecia areata (AA) is a nonscarring hair loss disorder with an unknown etiopathogenesis, however, it is hypothesised that a combination of genetic and environmental factors might be involved. Although numerous studies have shown that the microbiome plays a key role at the beginning of skin diseases, the link between AA and gut dysbiosis remains unclear.

Aim
To analyse the intestinal microbiome in patients suffering from AA.

Material and methods
The study describes the conceivable involvement of gut microbiota in the unclear pathogenesis of AA. We enrolled 25 patients, over 18 years of age with an active state of AA who donated their stool samples. The samples were examined at the human gut microbial community at the species level by metataxonomic analysis of the full-length 16S V3-V4 sequencing.

Results
The four major genera that constitute the microbiome’s core are Lachnoclostridium, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, and Eubacterium, as well as three major phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria are overrepresented in the microflora, which might suggest a disturbed microflora. Furthermore, the composition of bacterial communities suggests a loss of overall richness and a decrease in taxonomic diversity across all samples.

Conclusions
This study describes, for the first time, the characteristics of the gut microbiome in AA patients and may provide new insight into the gut microbiome that may play a role in the development of AA.

keywords:

Gut microbiota in alopecia areata

Karolina Brzychcy 1 , Izabela Dróżdż 2 , Sebastian Skoczylas 2 , Tomasz Płoszaj 2 , Dorota Sobolewska-Sztychny 3 , Małgorzata Skibińska 3 , Joanna Narbutt 3 , Aleksandra Lesiak 3

microbiota, microbiome, alopecia areata

Karolina Brzychcy

¹

,

Izabela Dróżdż

²

,

Sebastian Skoczylas

²

,

Tomasz Płoszaj

²

,

Dorota Sobolewska-Sztychny

³

,

Małgorzata Skibińska

³

,

Joanna Narbutt

³

,

Aleksandra Lesiak

³