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ISSN: 1689-832X
Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy
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2/2018
vol. 10
 
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abstract:
Original paper

High-dose-rate brachytherapy in treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer of head and neck region: preliminary results of a prospective single institution study

Bita Kalaghchi
,
Ebrahim Esmati
,
Reza Ghalehtaki
,
Marzieh Gomar
,
Ramin Jaberi
,
Soraya Gholami
,
Somayyeh Babaloui
,
Mansoureh Nabavi
,
Sarvazad Sotoudeh
,
Nezhat Khanjani
,
Ali Kazemian
,
Farnaz Amouzegar-Hashemi
,
Mahdi Aghili
,
Marzieh Lashkari

J Contemp Brachytherapy 2018; 10, 2: 115–122
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/jcb.2018.75596
Online publish date: 2018/04/30
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Purpose
Skin cancers are the most common human malignancy with increasing incidence. Currently, surgery is standard of care treatment for non-melanoma skin cancers. However, brachytherapy is a growing modality in the management of skin cancers. Therefore, we aimed to assess the outcome of patients with non-melanoma skin cancers treated by high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy with surface mold technique.

Material and methods
In this prospective study, we recruited patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin who were candidates for definitive or adjuvant brachytherapy during 2013-2014. Alginate was used for making the individualized surface molds for each patient. Patients were treated with afterloading radionuclide HDR brachytherapy machine, with a total dose of 30-52 Gy in 10-13 fractions. Participants were followed for 2 years for radiation toxicity, cosmetic results, and local failures.

Results
A total of 60 patients (66.7% male; median age, 71 years) were included, of which 42 (70.0%) underwent definitive radiotherapy. Seventy-five percent of lesions were BCC. The mean total dose was 39.6 ± 5.4 Gy. Of patients in definitive group, 40/42 (95.2%) experienced complete clinical response after 3 months. The recurrence rate was 2/18 (11.11%) and 1/42 (2.38%) in adjuvant and definitive groups, respectively. The percentage of grade 3-4 acute (3-month post-treatment) and late toxicities (2 years post-treatment) was 6.7% and 0%, respectively. The cosmetic results were good/excellent in 96.2% of patients after 2 years of follow-up.

Conclusions
With appropriate patient selection and choosing as lowest dose per fraction as possible, HDR brachytherapy with customized surface molds yields good oncological and cosmetic results for the treatment of localized skin BCC and SCC.

keywords:

brachytherapy, mold, skin neoplasms, toxicity

  
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