eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Special Issues Editorial board Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures
Editorial System
Submit your Manuscript
SCImago Journal & Country Rank
1/2019
vol. 44
 
Share:
Share:
abstract:
Clinical immunology

Potent NETosis inducers do not show synergistic effects in vitro

Michał P. Pruchniak
1, 2
,
Urszula Demkow
1

  1. Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
(Centr Eur J Immunol 2019; 44 (1): 51-58)
Online publish date: 2019/04/15
View full text Get citation
 
PlumX metrics:
Introduction
NETosis is a process whereby neutrophils release chromatin into the surrounding extra­cellular matrix to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Under physiological conditions NETosis can be initiated by a variety of stimuli, including immune complexes, complement activation products, and a milieu of proinflammatory cytokines. Because overproduction of NETs is often related to the promotion or aggravation of autoimmune responses, we decided to assess how simultaneous activation of NETosis by different stimuli affects NET production.

Material and methods
NET formation was initiated by using combinations of three different NETosis inducers: phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and calcium ionophore (CaI). We measured fluorometry in real time, while microscopic visualisation served as an additional control for NET release. In total, 30 subjects free from infections or chronic diseases were enrolled in this study.

Results
We were able to demonstrate that in all cases NETosis induced by a combination of two stimuli resulted in diminished NETs production when compared to PMA and CaI single stimulations (p ≤ 0.001). The only cases in which double stimulation showed similar results to single stimulation were when we compared fMLP + CaI stimulation with fMLP single stimulation. Furthermore, when neutrophils were exposed to all three stimuli NETosis was almost entirely inhibited, compared to any single stimulation (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results show that simultaneous stimulation of neutrophils by different NETosis-inducing agents results in diminished formation of NETs compared to a single stimulation. This indicates that cells may possess an internal regulatory mechanism that prevents overgeneration of NETs among healthy people.

keywords:

autoimmunity, neutrophil extracellular traps, NETosis, neutrophil cross-stimulation

Quick links
© 2024 Termedia Sp. z o.o.
Developed by Bentus.