Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit

Matthias Gijsen; Eline Simons; Pieter De Cock; Manu L.N.G. Malbrain; Joost Wauters; Isabel Spriet

doi:10.5114/ait.2021.105826

eISSN: 1731-2531
ISSN: 1642-5758

Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy

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abstract:

Original paper

Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit

Matthias Gijsen

^{1, 2}

,

Eline Simons

¹

,

Pieter De Cock

^{3, 4}

,

Manu L.N.G. Malbrain

^{5, 6}

,

Joost Wauters

^{7, 8}

,

Isabel Spriet

^{1, 2}

Department of Pharmacy, Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
Department of Pharmacy, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Brussels (UZB), Jette, Belgium
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Jette, Belgium
General Internal Medicine/Medical Intensive Care Unit, Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
Department of Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 2021; 53, 3: 193–199

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ait.2021.105826

Online publish date: 2021/05/23

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AMA

Gijsen M, Simons E, De Cock P, L.N.G. Malbrain M, Wauters J, Spriet I. Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy. 2021;53(3):193-199. doi:10.5114/ait.2021.105826.

APA

Gijsen, M., Simons, E., De Cock, P., L.N.G. Malbrain, M., Wauters, J.,  & Spriet, I. (2021). Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy, 53(3), 193-199. https://doi.org/10.5114/ait.2021.105826

Chicago

Gijsen, Matthias, Eline Simons, Pieter De Cock, Manu L.N.G. Malbrain, Joost Wauters,  and Isabel Spriet. 2021. "Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit". Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy 53 (3): 193-199. doi:10.5114/ait.2021.105826.

Harvard

Gijsen, M., Simons, E., De Cock, P., L.N.G. Malbrain, M., Wauters, J.,  and Spriet, I. (2021). Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy, 53(3), pp.193-199. https://doi.org/10.5114/ait.2021.105826

MLA

Gijsen, Matthias et al. "Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit." Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy, vol. 53, no. 3, 2021, pp. 193-199. doi:10.5114/ait.2021.105826.

Vancouver

Gijsen M, Simons E, De Cock P, L.N.G. Malbrain M, Wauters J, Spriet I. Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy. 2021;53(3):193-199. doi:10.5114/ait.2021.105826.

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Introduction
Little is known about the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of BIA measurements by comparing non-dominant versus dominant body-side measurements at 2 separate time points in healthy volunteers in order to extrapolate key elements that may be of relevance in critically ill patients.

Material and methods
A prospective observational validation experiment was carried out in healthy volunteers. Full-body and segmental multiple frequency BIA measurements were carried out at the non-dominant and the dominant body side, consecutively, and on 2 separate occasions within 1 week. Parameters of interest were both raw data (impedance and phase angle) at the individual frequencies (5–50–100–200 kHz) and body fluid compartment volume estimations (total body water, extracellular water volume, intracellular water volume, volume excess).

Results
A total of 42 measurements were performed in 22 volunteers. Median (interquartile range) age and time between measurements was 26 years (24; 35) and 2.07 days (1.00; 2.99), respectively. The intraclass-correlation coefficients (ICCs) for body fluid compartment volumes estimated by full-body BIA, were greatly above 90%, showing excellent agreement, except for volume excess which showed moderate agreement. Full-body raw impedance and phase angle measurements showed highly variable and much lower ICCs. For both estimated body fluid compartment volumes and raw measurements, segmental BIA showed also highly variable and low ICCs.

Conclusions
Overall this study showed that in healthy volunteers, BIA-derived fluid parameters are reproducible, and differences can be attributed to the changes in clinical status.

keywords:

resistance, impedance, reactance, phase angle, BIA, extracellular water, total body water, bioelectrical impedance analysis, intracellular water, full-body

Reproducibility of fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy volunteers: a key requirement to monitor fluid status in the intensive care unit

Matthias Gijsen 1, 2 , Eline Simons 1 , Pieter De Cock 3, 4 , Manu L.N.G. Malbrain 5, 6 , Joost Wauters 7, 8 , Isabel Spriet 1, 2

resistance, impedance, reactance, phase angle, BIA, extracellular water, total body water, bioelectrical impedance analysis, intracellular water, full-body

Matthias Gijsen

^{1, 2}

,

Eline Simons

¹

,

Pieter De Cock

^{3, 4}

,

Manu L.N.G. Malbrain

^{5, 6}

,

Joost Wauters

^{7, 8}

,

Isabel Spriet

^{1, 2}