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2/2024
vol. 41
abstract:
Original paper
Unveiling the acute neurophysiological responses to strength training: an exploratory study on novices performing weightlifting bouts with different motor learning models
Achraf Ammar
1, 2, 3, 4
,
Mohamed Ali Boujelbane
1, 4, 5
,
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz,
Mainz, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning
(LINP2), UFR STAPS (Faculty of Sport Sciences), UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax,University of
Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Unit: “Physical Activity, Sport, and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
- Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
- Government Hospitals, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
Biol Sport. 2024;41(2):249–274
Online publish date: 2023/12/18
PlumX metrics:
Currently, there is limited evidence regarding various neurophysiological responses to strength exercise and the influence of the adopted practice schedule. This study aimed to assess the acute systemic effects of snatch training bouts, employing different motor learning models, on skill efficiency, electric brain activity (EEG), heart rate variability (HRV), and perceived exertion as well as mental demand in novices. In a within-subject design, sixteen highly active males (mean age: 23.13±2.09 years) randomly performed snatch learning bouts consisting of 36 trials using repetitive learning (RL), contextual interference (blocked, CIb; and serial, CIs), and differential learning (DL) models. Spontaneous resting EEG and HRV activities were recorded at PRE and POST training bouts while measuring heart rate. Perceived exertion and mental demand were assessed immediately after, and barbell kinematics were recorded during three power snatch trials performed following the POST measurement. The results showed increases in alpha, beta, and gamma frequencies from pre- to post-training bouts in the majority of the tested brain regions (p values ranging from < 0.0001 to 0.02). The CIb model exhibited increased frequencies in more regions. Resting time domain HRV parameters were altered following the snatch bouts, with increased HR (p < 0.001) and decreased RR interval (p < 0.001), SDNN, and RMSSD (p values ranging from < 0.0001 to 0.02). DL showed more pronounced pulse-related changes (p = 0.01). Significant changes in HRV frequency domain parameters were observed, with a significant increase in LFn (p = 0.03) and a decrease in HFn (p = 0.001) registered only in the DL model. Elevated HR zones (> HR zone 3) were more dominant in the DL model during the snatch bouts (effect size = 0.5). Similarly, the DL model tended to exhibit higher perceived physical (effect size = 0.5) and mental exertions (effect size = 0.6). Despite the highest psycho-physiological response, the DL group showed one of the fewest significant EEG changes. There was no significant advantage of one learning model over the other in terms of technical efficiency. These findings offer preliminary support for the acute neurophysiological benefits of coordination strength-based exercise in novices, particularly when employing a DL model. The advantages of combining EEG and HRV measurements for comprehensive monitoring and understanding of potential adaptations are also highlighted. However, further studies encompassing a broader range of coordination-strength-based exercises are warranted to corroborate these observations.
keywords:
EEG, Brain activity, HRV, Autonomic nervous system, Olympic snatch, Exertion, Mental demand
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