Solitary median maxillary central incisor – case report

Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor Syndrome (SMMCI

Syndrome) is a rare developmental disorder consisting of

morphological defects that mainly affect structures in the

midline of the body. The aetiology of this syndrome has

not been fully explained, and SMMCI syndrome is observed

more frequently in females. The presence of a solitary

median maxillary incisor in the midline of the maxilla is

a typical trait in the stomatognathic system, and this anomaly

is found in both deciduous and permanent dentition.

Regarding developmental abnormalities accompanying

a solitary incisor with an atypical structure, the most

common ones include: lack of the frenulum of the upper

lip, deformations in the nasal cavity and cranial base, heart

defects, cleft lip and palate, and mental disability of various severity. Aim. The aim of this work is to present the

characteristic traits of a solitary median maxillary central

incisor syndrome on the basis of a case study of a 9-yearold

female patient and the analysis of available literature.

Material and methods. The literature review was

performed using the PubMed database and the following

key words: incisor, maxilla, syndrome, development, SMMCI

syndrome. Case report. When the clinical examination and

medical history were performed the patient was diagnosed

with signs of solitary median maxillary central incisor

syndrome. The outcomes of a computed tomography scan

confirmed choanal stenosis. Except for allergies to animal

hair and grass, the patient did not suffer from any systemic

diseases. On the basis of a clinical examination and analysis

of additional tests the following diagnosis was made:

I skeletal class, complete distocclusion with incisor

protrusion, partial lateral bilateral cross bite and dental

abnormalities. Summary. Patients diagnosed with SMMCI

syndrome often require complex care provided by specialists

from various fields of medicine and dentistry, due to the

possibility of coexistence of numerous developmental

abnormalities involving different body structures. (Molska

M, Janiszewska J, Mikołajczyk M, Małkiewicz K. Solitary

median maxillary central incisor – case report. Orthod

Forum 2018; 14: 333-43).