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eISSN: 2083-8441
ISSN: 2081-237X
Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
2/2022
vol. 28
 
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abstract:
Case report

Severe malnutrition as a cause of transient carbohydrate metabolism disorders which evolved into hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state

Magdalena Sokołowska-Gadoux
1
,
Agnieszka Pietrusik
2
,
Agata Chobot
3
,
Przemysława Jarosz-Chobot
4, 5

  1. Department of Children’s Diabetology and Pediatrics, John Paul II Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Poland
  2. Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
  3. Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Poland and Department of Pediatrics, University Clinical Hopsital, Opole, Poland
  4. Department of Children’s Diabetology and Pediatrics, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
  5. Regional Consultant for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Poland
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2022; 28 (2): 162–167
Online publish date: 2022/03/25
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The hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) is a very severe condition characterised by hyperosmolality, hyperglycaemia and dehydration without significant ketosis. The article presents the case of a 14.5-year-old cachectic patient with diagnosed HHS. Appropriate treatment per the ISPAD Guidelines was implemented. After metabolic stabilisation was achieved, the patient was transferred for further treatment to the Pediatric Gastroenterology Department due to her life-threatening cachexia. Normal glucose levels were observed during hospitalisation and the patient required no further insulin supplementation. Unfortunately, two months after discharge from hospital, the patient suffered sudden death at home. The patient did not live until full diabetological diagnostics could be performed. The transient hyperglycaemia may have been caused by a very early stage of type 1 diabetes (pre-diabetes), malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) or stress-induced hyperglycaemia (SIH). The case demonstrates that HHS can develop not only secondary to diabetes, but also be a severe complication of transient carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the course of cachexia.
keywords:

carbohydrate metabolism disorders, cachexia, malnutrition related diabetes mellitus, hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state


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